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| | + | [[Category:Linux]] |
| | + | [[Category:Development]] |
| | + | |
| | Tomcat is a Java servlet container, it can be used to display simple JSP and run ''Spring'' applications. | | Tomcat is a Java servlet container, it can be used to display simple JSP and run ''Spring'' applications. |
| | | | |
| − | However, it cannot run Java EE, you'll need a proper application server such IBM WAS, Glassfish, Jboss, etc. to do so. | + | However, it cannot run JavaEE, you'll need a proper application server such IBM WAS, Glassfish, Jboss, etc. to do so. |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | =installation=
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Automatic install==
| |
| − | This is the recommended installation.
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | apt-get install tomcat7 tomcat7-admin tomcat7-common tomcat7-docs tomcat7-examples
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | On Debian, the service is not available. So you can add a symlink for tomcat7:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat7 /usr/bin/tomcat7
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Manual install==
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Get and install archive===
| |
| − | Get Tomcat latest version from the official website: http://tomcat.apache.org/
| |
| − | | |
| − | Unzip Tomcat to /opt: => /opt/tomcat
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Adjust rights===
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | chown -R tomcat:tomcat /opt/tomcat
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Add server to path===
| |
| − | You need to add an environment variable:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | vim /etc/profile
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | Add
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | export CATALINA_HOME="/opt/tomcat"
| |
| − | PATH="[...]:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$M2:$CATALINA_HOME/bin"
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | Take changes into account
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | source /etc/profile
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Startup script===
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | vim /etc/init.d/tomcat
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | Put the following content:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | #!/bin/bash
| |
| − | ### BEGIN INIT INFO
| |
| − | # Provides: tomcat
| |
| − | # Required-Start: $remote_fs
| |
| − | # Required-Stop: $remote_fs
| |
| − | # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
| |
| − | # Default-Stop: 0 1 6
| |
| − | # Short-Description: Tomcat7
| |
| − | ### END INIT INFO
| |
| − | | |
| − | # description: tomcat Start - Stop - Restart
| |
| − | # processname: tomee
| |
| − | # chkconfig: 234 20 80
| |
| − | export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm"
| |
| − | PATH="$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"
| |
| − | export PATH
| |
| − | export CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat
| |
| − | | |
| − | case $1 in
| |
| − | start)
| |
| − | echo "Starting Tomcat"
| |
| − | sh $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
| |
| − | ;;
| |
| − | stop)
| |
| − | echo "Stopping Tomcat"
| |
| − | sh $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
| |
| − | ;;
| |
| − | restart)
| |
| − | echo "Restarting Tomcat"
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| − | sh $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
| |
| − | sh $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
| |
| − | ;;
| |
| − | *)
| |
| − | echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
| |
| − | exit 1
| |
| − | ;;
| |
| − | esac
| |
| − | exit 0
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | Update rights
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | chmod 750 /etc/init.d/tomcat
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===Update boot sequence===
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | cd /etc/init.d
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| − | update-rc.d tomcat defaults
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===Remove from boot sequence===
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | update-rc.d tomee remove
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | =Server configuration=
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Create users and user-rights==
| |
| − | Manual installation
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | vim /opt/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | Automatic installation
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | vim /etc/tomcat7/tomcat-users.xml
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | Add / uncomment:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | <role rolename="manager" />
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| − | <role rolename="admin" />
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| − | <role rolename="manager-gui" />
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| − | <role rolename="manager-script" />
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| − | <role rolename="admin-gui" />
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| − | | |
| − | <user username="tomcat" password="password" roles="admin, admin-gui, manager, manager-gui, manager-script" />
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Increase permgen space==
| |
| | | | |
| − | ===Manual install===
| |
| − | Add JAVA_OPTS parameters as environment variable
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /etc/profile
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Add following line:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | export JAVA_OPTS="-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -XX:NewSize=256m -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:PermSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+DisableExplicitGC"
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Take changes into account
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | source /etc/profile
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Check changes
| + | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |- |
| − | echo $JAVA_OPTS
| + | ! Installation !! Server configuration !! Application configuration !! Other |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |-valign="top" |
| | + | |width="20%"| [[Tomcat linux apt-get setup|Linux apt-get setup]] |
| | + | |width="20%"| [[Tomcat users management|Users management]] |
| | + | |width="20%"| [[Tomcat MySQL datasource|MySQL datasource]] |
| | + | |width="20%"| [[Apache 2 - proxy]] |
| | + | |- |
| | + | | [[Tomcat linux manual setup|Linux manual setup]] |
| | + | || [[Tomcat UTF-8|UTF-8]] || || |
| | + | |- |
| | + | | [[Tomcat Linux startup|Linux Tomcat on boot]] |
| | + | || [[Tomcat IPv4 over IPv6|IPv4 over IPv6]] || || |
| | + | |- |
| | + | | [[Tomcat windows setup|Windows setup]] |
| | + | || [[Tomcat security restricted access|Server access restriction]] || || |
| | + | |- |
| | + | | || [[Tomcat JMX|JMX configuration]] || || |
| | + | |- |
| | + | | || [[Tomcat increase PermGen|Increase PermGen]] || || |
| | + | |- |
| | + | | || [[Tomcat war deployment through manager|War deployment through manager]] || || |
| | + | |} |
| | | | |
| − | ===Automatic install===
| |
| | | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | vim /etc/default/tomcat7
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Add following line:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -XX:NewSize=256m -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:PermSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+DisableExplicitGC"
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Take changes into account
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | service tomcat7 restart
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − |
| |
| − | ==Add UTF-8 support on Tomcat==
| |
| − | By default Tomcat will rely on the O.S locale.
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| − |
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| − | In order to support UTF-8 URLs, you’ve to manually update the server’s configuration.
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| − | * automatic install: $Tomcat = /etc/tomcat7
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| − |
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim $TOMCAT/conf/server.xml
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ~ Line 70 change the “<connector port=”8080” …” value.
| |
| − |
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| − | *Before
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
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| − | connectionTimeout="20000"
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| − | redirectPort="8443" />
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − | *After
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
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| − | connectionTimeout="20000"
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| − | redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" />
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − |
| |
| − | Restart Tomcat server
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | service tomcat7 restart
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − |
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| − |
| |
| − | ==War deployment==
| |
| − | There is 2 ways to deploy a war:
| |
| − | * By pushing the target war into ${Tomcat root} / webapps
| |
| − | * By using the graphical tool http://localhost:8080/manager
| |
| − |
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| − |
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| − | If you plan to use the graphical tool then you have to adjust the war file max size.
| |
| − | Edit:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | ${Tomcat root} / webapps / manager / WEB-INF / web.xml
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − |
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| − | Adjust following values ~line 54 :
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | <multipart-config>
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| − | <max-file-size>104857600</max-file-size>
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| − | <max-request-size>104857600</max-request-size>
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| − | <file-size-threshold>0</file-size-threshold>
| |
| − | </multipart-config>
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − |
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| − |
| |
| − | =add JMX management=
| |
| − |
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| − | Tomcat can be remotely monitored through JMX.
| |
| − | That’s useful to check the status of the server: memory, threads and processes, performances, etc.
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Unsafe configuration==
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| − | Just edit your default Tomcat launcher:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /etc/default/tomcat7
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Add the following lines:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/default-jvm/ → That must be the ORACLE JDK
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| − |
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| − | # JMX configuration
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8090"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false"
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| − |
| |
| − | # Remote access setup
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=dev.daxiongmao.eu"
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − |
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| − | Restart tomcat
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | Service tomcat7 restart
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ==Open firewall==
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| − | Edit your firewall script
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /etc/firewall/firewall-start.sh
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | '''Incoming connections'''
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8090 -j ACCEPT # Tomcat JMX
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | '''Outgoing connections'''
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | $IPTABLES -t filter -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 8090 -j ACCEPT # Tomcat JMX
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Just restart your firewall to apply changes
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | firewall restart
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ==jConsole (simple viewer)==
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| − | Just execute '''jConsole''' from Linux or Windows
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| − | >> TODO: add picture
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | Just fill up the server:port
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| − | >> TODO: add picture
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | You should have the following warning:
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| − | >> TODO: add picture
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| − |
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ==jVisualVM (advanced monitoring)==
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| − | Just execute '''jvisualvm'''
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | Add a remote host
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| − | >> TODO: add picture
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | Just type the server name and click OK
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| − | >> TODO: add picture
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | Then, add a JMX connection
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| − | >> TODO: add picture
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | Then you can access the server
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ==Restricted access==
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| − | You can also restricted the access
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| − |
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| − | Create the JMX users rights
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /var/lib/tomcat7/conf/jmxremote.access
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| − |
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| − | Put the following
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | monitorRole readonly → replace monitorRole by your ''userName''
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| − | controlRole readwrite
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Create the JMX users password
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /var/lib/tomcat7/conf/jmxremote.password
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Put the following
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | monitorRole tomcat → replace monitorRole by username | replace tomcat by password
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| − | controlRole tomcat
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Set rights and permissions upon login files
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | chmod 400 /var/lib/tomcat7/conf/jmxremote.*
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| − | chown tomcat7:tomcat7 /var/lib/tomcat7/conf/jmxremote.*
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Edit the default tomcat launcher
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | # JMX configuration
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8090"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=true"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=/var/lib/tomcat7/conf/jmxremote.access"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.password.file=/var/lib/tomcat7/conf/jmxremote.password"
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false"
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| − |
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| − | # Remote access setup
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| − | JAVA_OPTS="${JAVA_OPTS} -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=dev.daxiongmao.eu"
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
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| − | Restart tomcat
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | # service tomcat7 restart
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − |
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | =Add MySQL datasource=
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| − |
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| − | ==Setup MySQL JDBC connector==
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| − |
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| − | 1. Download MySQL JDBC driver
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| − | http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/
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| − |
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| − | 2. Decompress content and extract mysql-connector-java-XXX-bin.jar
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| − |
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| − | 3. Copy this file into $TOMCAT/libs
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| − | Automatic install: /usr/share/tomcat7/lib
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| − |
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| − | ==Declare MySQL datasource==
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| − |
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| − | ===Server.xml===
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| − | Automatic install: /etc/tomcat7/server.xml
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| − |
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | $TOMCAT/server.xml
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Add
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | <host>
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| − | ...
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| − | <GlobalNamingResources>
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| − | ...
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| − |
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| − | <!-- ####################################################################### -->
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| − | <!-- MySQL datasource -->
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| − | <!-- ####################################################################### -->
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| − |
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| − | <!-- maxActive: Maximum number of database connections in pool. Set to -1 for no limit. -->
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| − | <!-- maxIdle: Maximum number of idle database connections to retain in pool. Set to -1 for no limit. -->
| |
| − | <!-- maxWait: Maximum time to wait for a database connection to become available in ms. Set to -1 to wait indefinitely. -->
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| − | <!-- driverClassName: Class name for the official MySQL Connector/J driver is com.mysql.jdbc.Driver. -->
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| − |
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| − | <Resource name="jdbc/myDataSource"
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| − | auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
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| − | username="user" password="password"
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| − | url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mySchema"
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| − | maxActive="50" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000"
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| − | driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
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| − | factory="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory"
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| − | />
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| − |
| |
| − | …
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| − | </GlobalNamingResources>
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ''Ubuntu Tomcat Fix''
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| − |
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| − | You must use the Factory line for Ubuntu !
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| − |
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| − | This will fix the “ClassNotFoundException: BasicDataSourceFactory”
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| − |
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| − | You may encountered this error with a Tomcat out of the box.
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| − |
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| − | Source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712308/ubuntu-tomcat7-java-lang-classnotfoundexception-org-apache-tomcat-dbcp-dbcp-bas
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| − |
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| − | ===Context.xml===
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| − | Edit:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | $TOMCAT/context.xml
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Add the following declaration
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | <!-- ####################################################################### -->
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| − | <!-- MySQL datasource -->
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| − | <!-- ####################################################################### -->
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| − | <ResourceLink name="jdbc/myDataSource"
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| − | global="jdbc/myDataSource"
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| − | type="javax.sql.datasource" />
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ===web.xml===
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| − | Edit
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | $TOMCAT/web.xml
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − |
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| − | Add the following declaration
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | <!-- ####################################################################### -->
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| − | <!-- MySQL datasource -->
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| − | <!-- ####################################################################### -->
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| − |
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| − | <resource-ref>
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| − | <description>RTD database</description>
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| − | <res-ref-name>jdbc/VehcoData</res-ref-name>
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| − | <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
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| − | <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
| |
| − | </resource-ref>
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Take changes into account===
| |
| − | Restart tomcat
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | service tomcat7 restart
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Check result:
| |
| − | http://localhost:8080/manager/text/resources
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Use datasource==
| |
| − | To use the datasource with a JNDI name you must prefix it with: java:comp/env/
| |
| − |
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | java:comp/env/jdbc/myDataSource
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Datasource improvements==
| |
| − | You can tweak the datasource using some specific config parameters.
| |
| − | Edit:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | $TOMCAT/server.xml
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Edit your JDBC resource:
| |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| |
| − | <Resource auth="Container"
| |
| − | name="jdbc/APP_NAME"
| |
| − | username="user"
| |
| − | password="password"
| |
| − | type="javax.sql.DataSource"
| |
| − |
| |
| − | url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@server.domain:1521:development" → ORACLE database
| |
| − | driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"
| |
| − |
| |
| − | url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/rtd" → MySQL database
| |
| − | driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
| |
| − |
| |
| − | maxActive="50" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" → Connection pool
| |
| − | maxIdle="10"
| |
| − | maxWait="5000"
| |
| − | maxActive="30" → To remove none close connections
| |
| − |
| |
| − | logAbandoned="true" To report the stacktrace of the faulty code
| |
| − | removeAbandoned="true" To remedy connection starvation while leaky code is not fixed
| |
| − | removeAbandonedTimeout="60" Interval for fixing connection starvation
| |
| − |
| |
| − | validationQuery="select 1 from dual" custom query to perform regular checks
| |
| − | validationInterval="30000" To be adjusted! Interval in ms.
| |
| − | testOnBorrow="true"
| |
| − | testOnReturn="false"
| |
| − | testWhileIdle="true"
| |
| − | timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="5000"
| |
| − | numTestsPerEvictionRun="3"
| |
| − | minEvictableIdleTimeMillis="30000"
| |
| − | />
| |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| |
| − |
| |
| − | More tweaks: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-dbcp/configuration.html
| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| Line 545: |
Line 40: |
| | | | |
| | ==Files location== | | ==Files location== |
| | + | |
| | The applications files are in $Tomcat/webapps | | The applications files are in $Tomcat/webapps |
| | * Automatic installation: /var/lib/tomcat/webapps | | * Automatic installation: /var/lib/tomcat/webapps |
| | + | * Manual installation (tomcat instance): /opt/tomcat-base/webapps |
| | + | |
| | | | |
| | ==Remove old temp files== | | ==Remove old temp files== |
| | + | |
| | In case of bugs, you can remove the working directory: $Tomcat/work/Catalina/localhost/* | | In case of bugs, you can remove the working directory: $Tomcat/work/Catalina/localhost/* |
| | + | |
| | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> |
| | + | # Package installation |
| | rm -Rf /var/lib/tomcat7/work/Catalina/localhost/* | | rm -Rf /var/lib/tomcat7/work/Catalina/localhost/* |
| | + | |
| | + | # Manual installation, Tomcat instance |
| | + | rm -Rf /opt/tomcat-base/work/Catalina/localhost/* |
| | </syntaxhighlight> | | </syntaxhighlight> |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Server access==
| |
| − | http://server:8080
| |
