Difference between revisions of "Samba server"
 
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
[[Category:Linux]]
 
[[Category:Linux]]
  
−
===Installation===
+
(i) you can access configuration examples on my GitHub: https://github.com/guihome-diaz/IT/tree/master/install_scripts/assets/samba
  
−
====Core packages====
+
=Installation=
 +
 
 +
==Core packages==
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
apt-get install samba samba-common libkrb5-3 winbind smbclient
 
apt-get install samba samba-common libkrb5-3 winbind smbclient
Line 14: Line 16:
  
  
−
====Printer share====
+
==Printer share==
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
apt-get install libcups2 cups cups-pdf
 
apt-get install libcups2 cups cups-pdf
Line 21: Line 23:
  
  
−
===Usage===
+
=User Interface=
 +
 
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
apt-get install system-config-samba
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
=Usage=
  
−
====Edit configuration====
+
==Edit configuration==
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
vim  /etc/samba/smb.conf
 
vim  /etc/samba/smb.conf
Line 29: Line 39:
  
  
−
====Service management====
+
==Service management==
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
/etc/init.d/samba restart
 
/etc/init.d/samba restart
Line 35: Line 45:
  
  
−
====Configuration check====
+
==Configuration check==
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
testparm -s
 
testparm -s
Line 42: Line 52:
  
  
−
 
+
=Basic share (no authentication)=
−
===Basic share===
 
 
The following configuration will make all shares available for a specific set of IP @ |or| the whole world.  
 
The following configuration will make all shares available for a specific set of IP @ |or| the whole world.  
  
Line 50: Line 59:
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
−
Edit the following content:
 
−
* Adjust the red values and remove the ' '
 
  
 +
==Global configuration (guest allowed)==
  
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
Line 81: Line 89:
  
 
   # If guests are not allowed, they should be tagged as 'bad user'  
 
   # If guests are not allowed, they should be tagged as 'bad user'  
−
   map to guest = bad user
+
   map to guest = vadmin
  
 
   # If guests are allowed, they should use the following account
 
   # If guests are allowed, they should use the following account
−
   guest account = myuser
+
  # else put 'nobody'
 +
   guest account = myuser  
  
 
   # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create public shares
 
   # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create public shares
Line 102: Line 111:
 
   # Log level in dedicated Samba log file
 
   # Log level in dedicated Samba log file
 
   log level = 3
 
   log level = 3
−
  # log level in common Syslog (O.S log)
 
−
  syslog = 3
 
 
   # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
 
   # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
 
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
 
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
Line 113: Line 120:
 
   preserve case = yes
 
   preserve case = yes
 
   short preserve case = no
 
   short preserve case = no
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
 +
==Share definition (public)==
 +
 +
This will set a new share, with full rights.
  
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
#======================= Share Definitions =======================
 
#======================= Share Definitions =======================
 
[webserver]
 
[webserver]
Line 130: Line 144:
 
   guest ok = yes
 
   guest ok = yes
 
   public = yes
 
   public = yes
 +
  # Treat all users as guest?
 +
  only guest = yes
  
 
   # Files permissions
 
   # Files permissions
 
   ## new file / directories permissions
 
   ## new file / directories permissions
−
   create mask = 0777
+
  ## Use "2" to inherit permissions of the top directory
−
   directory mask = 0777
+
   create mask = 2777
 +
   directory mask = 2777
 +
 
 +
  # Do NOT follow symlinks for security reasons
 +
  follow symlinks = no 
 +
 
 +
  # Allow user to remove read-only files
 +
  delete readonly = no
 +
 
 +
  # Every new file must be part of a specific group "users" to avoid conflicts
 +
  force user = www-data
 +
  force group = www-data
 +
 
 +
  # Do not be case sensitive to avoid Windows <> Linux conflicts
 +
  case sensitive = no
 +
 
 +
  # hide Linux hidden files
 +
  hide dot files = yes
 +
 
 +
  # specifics files / folder to hide
 +
  #veto files = /.*
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
You have to duplicate the [webserver] section for each share.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
=Restricted share=
 +
 
 +
This is just an effective summary of https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Standalone_server
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Create samba users==
 +
 
 +
First of all you must create Linux users + grant them the samba access.
 +
 
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
## Create a new system user 'smbUser' and add it to the list of SAMBA users
 +
 
 +
# 1. New system user
 +
useradd -c "Samba user" -s /sbin/nologin -m smbUser
 +
passwd smbUser
 +
# 2. Add system user to 'users'
 +
useradd -G users smbUser
 +
# 3. Add account to SAMBA                 
 +
smbpasswd -a smbUser
 +
# 4. Grant SAMBA access to account
 +
smbpasswd -e smbUser
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Share rights==
 +
 
 +
Before setting up the configuration, ensure all your share have the 711 root permissions.
 +
 
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
## if you plan to share "/mnt/shareDrive/" content
 +
chmod 711 /mnt/shareDrive
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
  
−
  ## file / folders update
 
−
  security mask = 0777 
 
−
  directory security mask = 0777
 
  
−
   ## Do NOT change rights on file update
+
==Global configuration (guest forbidden)==
−
   force security mode = 0
+
 
−
   force directory security mode = 0
+
The configuration is almost the same. Adjust the following parameters:
 +
* <code>map to guest = bad user</code>
 +
* <code>guest account = nobody</code>
 +
* <code>usershare allow guests = yes</code>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
#======================= Global Settings =======================
 +
[global]
 +
### Browsing/Identification ###
 +
  workgroup = MYWORKGROUP
 +
  # server name. Windows = netbios ; all the world = server string
 +
  netbios name = MY_SERVER
 +
  server string = MY_SERVER
 +
  dns proxy = no
 +
  wins support = no
 +
 
 +
### Security ###
 +
  # Password level
 +
  encrypt passwords = true
 +
  # Sync password with current computer
 +
  passdb backend = tdbsam
 +
  obey pam restrictions = yes
 +
  unix password sync = yes
 +
  # For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system
 +
  passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
 +
  passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
 +
  # allow samba user to change his password
 +
  pam password change = yes
 +
   # Paranoid check. To forbidden some logins
 +
  #invalid users = vadmin
 +
 
 +
  # If guests are not allowed, they should be tagged as 'bad user'
 +
  map to guest = bad user
 +
 
 +
  # If guests are allowed, they should use the following account
 +
  # else put 'nobody'
 +
  guest account = nobody
 +
 
 +
  # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create public shares
 +
  usershare allow guests = no
 +
 
 +
#### Networking ####
 +
    # allow local network and localhost only
 +
    # comment it out to make your server “open-bar” !
 +
    # Each IP or IP_range/submask must be separated by a space
 +
    allow hosts = 192.168.1.0/24 127.0.0.1
 +
 
 +
#### Debugging/Accounting ####
 +
  # This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine that connects
 +
  log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
 +
  # Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
 +
  max log size = 1000
 +
  # Log level in dedicated Samba log file
 +
  log level = 3
 +
  # log level in common Syslog (O.S log)
 +
  syslog = 3
 +
  # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
 +
  panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
 +
 
 +
############ Misc ############
 +
  # improve TCP connection
 +
  # socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
 +
  # Improve file name management
 +
  preserve case = yes
 +
  short preserve case = no
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Share definition (private)==
 +
 
 +
This will set a new share, with full rights. Compare to a public share, please note the following values:
 +
* <code>guest ok = no</code>
 +
* <code>public = no</code>
 +
* <code>only guest = no</code>
 +
* <code>force user = linuxUser</code>
 +
* <code>force group = users</code>
 +
* <code>valid users = smbuser</code>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
(i) The user can be different of the Samba share account. This is just to ensure the file will be created with the correct properties.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
#======================= Share Definitions =======================
 +
[share-drive]
 +
  comment = SHARE-DRIVE
 +
  path = /mnt/shareDrive
 +
 
 +
  # Active share
 +
  available = yes
 +
 
 +
  # Folder rights  
 +
  browseable = yes
 +
  read only = no
 +
  writeable = yes
 +
 
 +
  # Allow guests ?
 +
  guest ok = no
 +
  public = no
 +
  # Treat all users as guest?
 +
  only guest = no
 +
 
 +
  # Only allow specific users? Put the list separated by a space or a comma
 +
  #valid users = smbuser
 +
 
 +
  # Files permissions
 +
  ## new file / directories permissions
 +
   ## Use "2" to inherit permissions of the top directory
 +
  create mask = 2777
 +
   directory mask = 2777
  
 
   # Do NOT follow symlinks for security reasons
 
   # Do NOT follow symlinks for security reasons
Line 148: Line 331:
  
 
   # Allow user to remove read-only files
 
   # Allow user to remove read-only files
−
   delete readonly = yes
+
   delete readonly = no
  
 
   # Every new file must be part of a specific group "users" to avoid conflicts
 
   # Every new file must be part of a specific group "users" to avoid conflicts
−
   force group = www-data
+
  force user = linuxUser
 +
   force group = users
  
 
   # Do not be case sensitive to avoid Windows <> Linux conflicts
 
   # Do not be case sensitive to avoid Windows <> Linux conflicts
Line 163: Line 347:
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
−
You have to duplicate the [webserver] section for each share.
 
−
See other examples
 
  
−
'''TODO''' >> Join files !
+
 
 +
 
 +
=View / connect to samba share=
 +
 
 +
==List server shares==
 +
 
 +
Public shares:
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
smbclient -L //server
 +
smbclient -L //172.16.100.34
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
USER shares (= private + public):
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
smbclient -U smbUser -L //server
 +
smbclient -U smbUser -L //172.16.100.34
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==Access share==
 +
 
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 +
smbclient -U smbUser //server/shareFolder
 +
smbclient -U smbUser //172.16.100.34/DIVERS
 +
</syntaxhighlight>

Latest revision as of 13:25, 24 April 2016


(i) you can access configuration examples on my GitHub: https://github.com/guihome-diaz/IT/tree/master/install_scripts/assets/samba

Installation

Core packages

apt-get install samba samba-common libkrb5-3 winbind smbclient
apt-get install cifs-utils

Samba protocol is built upon Windows File Share. All windows versions since XP implements it, including Windows Server. Latest version implements higher specifications and security.

The CIFS protocol is also required as this is one of the default Windows Server share protocol.


Printer share

apt-get install libcups2 cups cups-pdf


User Interface

apt-get install system-config-samba


Usage

Edit configuration

vim  /etc/samba/smb.conf


Service management

/etc/init.d/samba restart


Configuration check

testparm -s

The file content should appears, without any alerts.


Basic share (no authentication)

The following configuration will make all shares available for a specific set of IP @ |or| the whole world. 

vim /etc/samba/smb.conf


Global configuration (guest allowed)

#======================= Global Settings =======================
[global]
### Browsing/Identification ###
   workgroup = MYWORKGROUP
   # server name. Windows = netbios ; all the world = server string
   netbios name = MY_SERVER
   server string = MY_SERVER
   dns proxy = no
   wins support = no

### Security ###
   # Password level
   encrypt passwords = true
   # Sync password with current computer
   passdb backend = tdbsam 
   obey pam restrictions = yes
   unix password sync = yes
   # For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
   # allow samba user to change his password
   pam password change = yes
   # Paranoid check. To forbidden some logins
   #invalid users = vadmin

   # If guests are not allowed, they should be tagged as 'bad user' 
   map to guest = vadmin

   # If guests are allowed, they should use the following account
   # else put 'nobody'
   guest account = myuser 

   # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create public shares
   usershare allow guests = yes
   
#### Networking ####
    # allow local network and localhost only
    # comment it out to make your server “open-bar” ! 
    # Each IP or IP_range/submask must be separated by a space
    allow hosts = 192.168.1.0/24 127.0.0.1 

#### Debugging/Accounting ####
   # This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
   # Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000
   # Log level in dedicated Samba log file
   log level = 3
   # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

############ Misc ############
   # improve TCP connection
   # socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
   # Improve file name management
   preserve case = yes
   short preserve case = no


Share definition (public)

This will set a new share, with full rights. 

#======================= Share Definitions =======================
[webserver]
   comment = WEB-SERVER
   path = /var/www

   # Active share
   available = yes

   # Folder rights 
   browseable = yes
   read only = no
   writeable = yes
   
   # Allow guests ?
   guest ok = yes
   public = yes
   # Treat all users as guest?
   only guest = yes

   # Files permissions
   ## new file / directories permissions
   ## Use "2" to inherit permissions of the top directory
   create mask = 2777
   directory mask = 2777

   # Do NOT follow symlinks for security reasons
   follow symlinks = no  

   # Allow user to remove read-only files
   delete readonly = no

   # Every new file must be part of a specific group "users" to avoid conflicts
   force user = www-data
   force group = www-data

   # Do not be case sensitive to avoid Windows <> Linux conflicts
   case sensitive = no

   # hide Linux hidden files
   hide dot files = yes

   # specifics files / folder to hide
   #veto files = /.*

You have to duplicate the [webserver] section for each share.



Restricted share

This is just an effective summary of https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Standalone_server


Create samba users

First of all you must create Linux users + grant them the samba access. 

## Create a new system user 'smbUser' and add it to the list of SAMBA users

# 1. New system user
useradd -c "Samba user" -s /sbin/nologin -m smbUser
passwd smbUser
# 2. Add system user to 'users'
useradd -G users smbUser
# 3. Add account to SAMBA                  
smbpasswd -a smbUser
# 4. Grant SAMBA access to account
smbpasswd -e smbUser


Share rights

Before setting up the configuration, ensure all your share have the 711 root permissions. 

## if you plan to share "/mnt/shareDrive/" content
chmod 711 /mnt/shareDrive


Global configuration (guest forbidden)

The configuration is almost the same. Adjust the following parameters:

  • map to guest = bad user
  • guest account = nobody
  • usershare allow guests = yes


#======================= Global Settings =======================
[global]
### Browsing/Identification ###
   workgroup = MYWORKGROUP
   # server name. Windows = netbios ; all the world = server string
   netbios name = MY_SERVER
   server string = MY_SERVER
   dns proxy = no
   wins support = no

### Security ###
   # Password level
   encrypt passwords = true
   # Sync password with current computer
   passdb backend = tdbsam 
   obey pam restrictions = yes
   unix password sync = yes
   # For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
   # allow samba user to change his password
   pam password change = yes
   # Paranoid check. To forbidden some logins
   #invalid users = vadmin

   # If guests are not allowed, they should be tagged as 'bad user' 
   map to guest = bad user

   # If guests are allowed, they should use the following account
   # else put 'nobody'
   guest account = nobody

   # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create public shares
   usershare allow guests = no
   
#### Networking ####
    # allow local network and localhost only
    # comment it out to make your server “open-bar” ! 
    # Each IP or IP_range/submask must be separated by a space
    allow hosts = 192.168.1.0/24 127.0.0.1 

#### Debugging/Accounting ####
   # This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
   # Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000
   # Log level in dedicated Samba log file
   log level = 3
   # log level in common Syslog (O.S log)
   syslog = 3
   # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

############ Misc ############
   # improve TCP connection
   # socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
   # Improve file name management
   preserve case = yes
   short preserve case = no


Share definition (private)

This will set a new share, with full rights. Compare to a public share, please note the following values:

  • guest ok = no
  • public = no
  • only guest = no
  • force user = linuxUser
  • force group = users
  • valid users = smbuser


(i) The user can be different of the Samba share account. This is just to ensure the file will be created with the correct properties. 


#======================= Share Definitions =======================
[share-drive]
   comment = SHARE-DRIVE
   path = /mnt/shareDrive

   # Active share
   available = yes

   # Folder rights 
   browseable = yes
   read only = no
   writeable = yes
   
   # Allow guests ?
   guest ok = no
   public = no
   # Treat all users as guest?
   only guest = no
   
   # Only allow specific users? Put the list separated by a space or a comma
   #valid users = smbuser

   # Files permissions
   ## new file / directories permissions
   ## Use "2" to inherit permissions of the top directory
   create mask = 2777
   directory mask = 2777

   # Do NOT follow symlinks for security reasons
   follow symlinks = no  

   # Allow user to remove read-only files
   delete readonly = no

   # Every new file must be part of a specific group "users" to avoid conflicts
   force user = linuxUser
   force group = users

   # Do not be case sensitive to avoid Windows <> Linux conflicts
   case sensitive = no

   # hide Linux hidden files
   hide dot files = yes

   # specifics files / folder to hide
   #veto files = /.*



View / connect to samba share

List server shares

Public shares: 

smbclient -L //server
smbclient -L //172.16.100.34

USER shares (= private + public): 

smbclient -U smbUser -L //server
smbclient -U smbUser -L //172.16.100.34


Access share

smbclient -U smbUser //server/shareFolder
smbclient -U smbUser //172.16.100.34/DIVERS
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