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| | See [[Firewall INPUT filters#DHCP|Firewall rules for DHCP server]] | | See [[Firewall INPUT filters#DHCP|Firewall rules for DHCP server]] |
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| | =Configuration= | | =Configuration= |
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| | + | |
| | + | ==Configuration file== |
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| | The main configuration file is '''/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf''' | | The main configuration file is '''/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf''' |
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| − | ==Random IP assignation== | + | ==Assign IP== |
| − | | |
| − | The following configuration will accept all clients and give them a random IP @.
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | # Sample /etc/dhcpd.conf
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| − | # (add your comments here)
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| − | default-lease-time 600;
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| − | max-lease-time 7200;
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| − | option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
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| − | option broadcast-address 172.16.50.255;
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| − | option routers 172.16.50.254;
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| − | # Put your own DNS server or your ISP | Google servers
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| − | option domain-name-servers 172.16.50.2, 8.8.8.8;
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| − | # Put your domain name - if you have one
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| − | option domain-name "mydomain.lan";
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| − | option ntp-servers 172.16.50.254;
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| − | | |
| − | subnet 172.16.50.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
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| − | range 172.16.50.10 172.16.50.100;
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| − | range 172.16.50.150 172.16.50.200;
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| − | }
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | You have to adjust:
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| − | * Network parameters - instead of 172.16.50.*
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| − | * DHCP range(s). In the given example there are 2 ranges from 10-100 and 150-200
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Static IP @==
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| − | | |
| − | This new configuration will ONLY accept known clients and give them a static IP @.
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | # Sample /etc/dhcpd.conf
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| − | # (add your comments here)
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| − | default-lease-time 600;
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| − | max-lease-time 7200;
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| − | option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
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| − | option broadcast-address 172.16.50.255;
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| − | option routers 172.16.50.254;
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| − | option domain-name-servers 172.16.50.2, 8.8.8.8;
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| − | option domain-name "mydomain.lan";
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| − | option ntp-servers 172.16.50.254;
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| − | | |
| − | deny unknown-clients;
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| − | | |
| − | subnet 172.16.50.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
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| − | host client1 {
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| − | hardware ethernet DD:GH:DF:E5:F7:D7;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.20;
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| − | }
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| − | host client2 {
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| − | hardware ethernet 00:JJ:YU:38:AC:45;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.21;
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| − | }
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| − | }
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| − | | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | Note:
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| − | | |
| − | The ''deny unknown-clients;'' command is why only known clients are accepted.
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | For each client you have to adjust:
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| − | * MAC @
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| − | * Set a specific static IP @
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Advanced configuration (name + netboot)==
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| − | | |
| − | In the following scenario you will configure the server to accept only specific clients, use static IP @ and set names.
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| − | | |
| − | This configuration also allow NetBoot using PXE technology.
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | #### General options ####
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| − | | |
| − | ## Domain settings
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| − | # domain name
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| − | option domain-name "myDomain.lan";
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| − | # DNS IP @ (replace it by your IP server, Google DNS or your ISP DNS)
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| − | option domain-name-servers XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX, YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY;
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| − | # DNS update system (disable)
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| − | ddns-update-style none;
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| − | | |
| − | ## IP lease settings
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| − | default-lease-time 7200;
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| − | max-lease-time 86400;
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| − | | |
| − | ## Network settings
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| − | # DHCP server name
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| − | server-name "dns.myDomain.lan";
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| − | # Authoritative server = this is the official DHCP server for the local network
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| − | authoritative;
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| − | # Subnet-mask
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| − | option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ## Security
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| − | # Do not allow unknown clients
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| − | deny unknown-clients;
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| − | # Do not forward DHCP request from this server to another one using a different Network Interface
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| − | option ip-forwarding off;
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| − | | |
| − | # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file
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| − | # you also have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection
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| − | log-facility local7;
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| − | | |
| − | ### NetBoot PXE
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| − | # Enable network boot using TFTP
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| − | allow bootp;
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| − | allow booting;
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ## Available networks
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| − | | |
| − | # Your server can manage many network. Just add new subnet{} instruction
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| − | | |
| − | # Main LAN
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| − | subnet 172.16.50.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
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| − | #### Overall settings
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| − | # You can override the default domain set earlier
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| − | option domain-name "myDomain.lan";
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| − | # Broadcast address
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| − | option broadcast-address 172.16.50.255;
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| − | # Default gateway
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| − | option routers 172.16.50.1;
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| − | # Set the NTP (time server) to use
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| − | option ntp-servers 172.16.50.1;
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | #### DHCP range
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| − | # Hint: if the range has only 1 address, and this is a bail (fixed address), then the range won't be used!
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| − | range 172.16.50.5 172.16.50.5;
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| − | | |
| − | #### NETBOOT settings
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| − | # PXE file to serve.
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| − | # >> elilo.efi => for ia64 clients;
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| − | # >> pxelinux.0 => for x86
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| − | # These files should be at the root of your TFTP server
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| − | # Note: The file name can be add in the "host" section too. Then, the "host" will override the current setting
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| − | filename "pxelinux.0";
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| − | # set the server that serve this NETBOOT file
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| − | next-server 172.16.50.2;
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| − | # Ensure that the new client (the one boot) is not stealing someone else IP @
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| − | ping-check = 1;
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| − | }
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| − | | |
| − | #### Managed host and fixed IP @
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| − | # FTP server
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| − | host ftp {
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| − | hardware ethernet 00:0f:75:af:eb:44;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.2;
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| − | option host-name "ftp";
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| − | | |
| − | ### NetBoot PXE settings
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| − | # dedicated file for the current machine:
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| − | #filename "debian-installer/ia64/elilo.efi";
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| − | # Set the TFTP server
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| − | #next-server 172.16.50.2;
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| − | }
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| − | # WEB server
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| − | host web {
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| − | hardware ethernet 00:02:0d:31:d1:cc;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.3;
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| − | option host-name "web";
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| − | }
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| − | # EMAIL server
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| − | host mail {
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| − | hardware ethernet 00:02:55:d2:d1:cc;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.4;
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| − | option host-name "mail";
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| − | }
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| − | # LAPTOP workstation
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| − | host laptop {
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| − | hardware ethernet 00:0e:af:31:d1:cc;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.5;
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| − | option host-name "laptop";
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| − | }
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | Be aware that the "option host-name ..." may be discard by most clients.
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Logs==
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| − | | |
| − | Logs are in '''/var/log/syslog'''
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Leases==
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| − | | |
| − | All DHCP leases are available in:
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Manage service==
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | You can start / restart service using:
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | service isc-dhcp-server start|restart|stop
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | OR
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server restart
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | You can check the status using:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | ps aux | grep dhcp
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| − | netstat -uap | grep dhcp
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | =Add new host=
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | Every time you need to install you host you have to:
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| − | | |
| − | Edit the configuration file:
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | Add new host at the end of the file :
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | host myNewHost {
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| − | hardware ethernet 00:0e:af:31:d1:cc;
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| − | fixed-address 172.16.50.60;
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| − | option host-name "myNewHost";
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| − | }
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | ==> Don't forget to the given IP @ must match the DNS server declaration !
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | Restart the DHCP server :
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| − | /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server restart
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| | | | |
| − | =NetBoot=
| + | You can assign dynamic and / or static IP, you can also you NetBoot settings. |
| | | | |
| − | To setup the netboot, see [[NetBoot server]].
| + | See: |
| | + | * [[DHCP dynamic IP assignation]] |
| | + | * [[DHCP static IP assignation]] |
| | + | * [[DHCP netboot configuration]] |
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.
Note:
Since Ubuntu 11.10 the DHCP3-server is available in the "isc-dhcp-server" package.
Sources
You can find more information about that topic over here:
Requirement
A DHCP server can provided static or dynamic address.
However, the DHCP server's IP @ must always be static!!
If you want to use a DNS, then you can even setup the DNS server first. See DNS server
Installation
DHCP server
apt-get install isc-dhcp-server
You will be asked a few questions:
- On what network interfaces should the DHCP server listen? <-- eth0
- Please configure the DHCP server as soon as the installation finishes. <-- Ok
- The version 3 DHCP server is now non-authoritative by default <-- Ok
At the end of the installation you will see errors like these:
* Generating /etc/default/dhcp3-server...
- Starting DHCP server: dhcpd3 failed to start - check syslog for diagnostics.
- invoke-rc.d: initscript dhcp3-server, action "start" failed.
That's OK because we did not have the chance yet to configure our DHCP server.
Security
See Firewall rules for DHCP server
Configuration
Configuration file
The main configuration file is /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
You can adjust the interface the server is listening on in /etc/dhcp/dhcp3-server
INTERFACES="eth0 eth1"
Assign IP
You can assign dynamic and / or static IP, you can also you NetBoot settings.
See:
