Sonar


This page describes how to setup SonarQube:

  • Application installation
  • Post-install settings


History:

  • 2016-12-25 : update for Ubuntu 16.10
  • 2019-03-26 : update for SonarQube 7.x on CentOs 7.x ; with PostgreSQL server


You can find all these instructions and more on the Official how-to



Requirement: PostgreSQL DB server

You need a DB server to use SonarQube. The default H2 engine is (very) slow. The SonarQube team recommends PostgreSQL-


Setup PostgreSQL

# Add repository
sudo wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm -P /tmp
sudo yum install /tmp/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm epel-release
sudo yum update

# Setup server
sudo yum install postgresql11-server postgresql11-contrib postgresql11

# Init Postgres database
#   > default user: postgres
 sudo /usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb


Active remote access

Adjust configuration to enable remote access


Postgresql.conf 

sudo cp /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/postgresql.conf /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/postgresql.conf.backup
sudo vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/postgresql.conf


Set: 

listen_addresses = '*'


PG_HBA 

sudo cp /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf.backup
sudo vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5
# IPv6  local connections:
host    all             all             ::/0                    md5


start PSQL

# Start Postgres server
sudo systemctl enable postgresql-11.service
sudo systemctl start postgresql-11.service


# Set 'postgres' LINUX user password (recommandation: postgres)
sudo passwd postgres

# ... Set 'postgres' SQL DB ADMIN user password (recommandation: postgres)
# Prepare home folder
sudo mkdir -p /home/postgres
sudo chmod -R 777 /home/postgres
sudo chown -R postgres:users /home/postgres
localFolder=`pwd`
# Change password
cd /home/postgres
sudo -u postgres bash -c "psql -d template1 -c \"ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'newPassword';\""
cd $localFolder

# Start Postgres on boot
sudo systemctl enable postgresql


Centos firewall

For Debian IPTABLES just open the port TCP 5234 


POSTGRES_DEFAULT_PORT=5234

# Remove previous FW rules, if any
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --disable-port=$POSTGRES_DEFAULT_PORT/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=$POSTGRES_DEFAULT_PORT/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-service=postgres --zone=trusted
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-service=postgres

# Add new FW rules
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --new-service=postgres
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --service=postgres --set-short="Postgresql database server"
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --service=postgres --set-description="Postgres database server"
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --service=postgres --add-port=$POSTGRES_DEFAULT_PORT/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=postgres --zone=trusted

# Reload FW rules
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo firewall-cmd --list-all


Some helpful Source: Linode tutorial



Setup SONARQUBE application

Requirement: create user / group

You cannot run SONAR as "root". It must run as a user 

sudo adduser sonar
sudo groupadd sonar


Get SonarQube

As a sudoer user, download the latest version (or the LTS) on http://www.sonarqube.org/downloads/ 

cd /opt

# SonarQube
# 2019-05: current version is 7.7
wget  https://binaries.sonarsource.com/Distribution/sonarqube/sonarqube-7.7.zip
unzip sonarqube-7.7.zip
ln -s /opt/sonarqube-7.7 /opt/sonarqube

# Adjust rights
chown -R sonar:sonar /opt/sonarqube-7.7
chown -R sonar:sonar /opt/sonarqube

(i) It's always good to use a symlink. This make the update and rollback a bit easier.


Configuration (sonar.properties)

Edit the SonarQube configuration file 

vim /opt/sonarqube/conf/sonar.properties


Database

Disable embedded H2DB and enable PSQL, lines 20 to 40: 

sonar.jdbc.username=sonarqube			            
sonar.jdbc.password=sonarqube
# postgreSQL
sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost/sonarqube


Port number and root context

Adjust port number and context 

#sonar.web.host:             0.0.0.0
#sonar.web.port:             9000
sonar.web.context:           /sonarqube

!!! This is VERY important that you uncomment and set the sonar.web.context !!! Without it you cannot use Apache2 proxy.


Sonar symlink

The default path to manage SonarQube is, in that example: /opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh idem for the logs... 

ln -s /opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh /usr/bin/sonarqube
ln -s /opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh /etc/init.d/sonarqube

mkdir -p /var/log/sonar
ln -s /opt/sonarqube/logs/sonar.log /var/log/sonar/sonar.log
ln -s /opt/sonarqube/logs/access.log /var/log/sonar/access.log


Configuration (wrapper.properties)

There is a new configuration file to edit since 5.x. Edit the WRAPPER configuration file 

vim /opt/sonarqube/conf/wrapper.properties


Adjust your JVM path, if required, on the first line. This should point to a JDK.

wrapper.java.command=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/bin/java


Start SonarQube

As "sonar" user you can start SonarQube. 

sudo su sonar
sonarqube restart

... wait for some times on 1st start (5 to 7 mn) !! Logs are in


Check that Sonar is up: 

netstat -pl --numeric | grep 9000

You should have: 

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:9000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      xxxxx/java


Bug fix

If the port 9000 is already used by PHP you must remove PHP7 FPM 

sudo apt-get remove php7.0-fpm


Access SonarQube

http://myserver:9000/sonarqube


Startup script

(i) See official documentation at:

As a sudoer user, create a new startup script in /etc/systemd/system 

vim /etc/systemd/system/sonarqube.service


Put the following content: 

[Unit]
Description=SonarQube service
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=sonar
Group=sonar
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStart=/opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh start
ExecStop=/opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh stop
StandardOutput=syslog
LimitNOFILE=65536
LimitNPROC=8192
TimeoutStartSec=5
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


Register service: 

sudo systemctl enable sonarqube.service

Run service: 

sudo systemctl restart sonarqube.service




Apache2 proxy

Instead of opening port 9000, it's better to access Sonar through Apache2 proxy. To use the proxy rule, the target /sonar must match the root URL (see $sonar/conf/sonar.properties)


Apache2 configuration

Edit configuration file: module or virtual host 

vim /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/proxy.conf
#or
vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mySite.conf


Set the following: 

# Proxy to a Java application running over Tomcat, with IP filter
<Location /sonarqube >
	ProxyPass http://localhost:9000/sonarqube/
	ProxyPassReverse http://localhost:9000/sonarsonarqube/

        #Require all denied
        #AllowOverride none
        
        Require local
        Require ip 192.168.1
        Require host 193.12.118.196

        #Require all granted
        #Satisfy any
</Location>


Test Sonar

The default user and password are “admin” and “admin“.



Sonar application configuration

Default credentials are "admin" / "admin"


Create user accounts

  • Go to "Administration" menu > "Security" > "Users"
  • Create new User(s)
  • Go to "Administration" menu > "Security" > "Groups"
  • Click on the "sonar administrators" group
  • Add user(s)


Global configuration

Go to "Administration" menu > "configuration" > "General"


DNS name

  • Set the server base URL to DNS name if possible (property: sonar.core.serverBaseURL)


Keep analysis longer

  • Set "keep only one analysis a week after" : 12 (default is 4, property: sonar.dbcleaner.weeksBeforeKeepingOnlyOneSnapshotByWeek)


Email alerts Configure the email notifications:

  • Email From (email.fromName)
  • SMTP secure connection (email.smtp_secure_connection.secured)
  • SMTP host (email.smtp_host.secured)
  • SMTP password (email.smtp_password.secured)
  • SMTP port (email.smtp_port.secured)
  • SMTP username (email.smtp_username.secured)


Add plugins

  • Go to "Administration" menu > "marketplace"
  • Search and install:
    • Checkstyle
    • Code smells
    • Findbugs
    • PMD

/!\ You must reboot the SonarQube instance after setup


You can add more plugins from the [SonarQube marketplace http://www.sonarplugins.com/]. Download and install:

Download OWASP dependency check for SonarQube 7.6+

Quality profile

  • Go to "Quality profiles" menu
  • Under "JAVA"
  • Set as default the JAVA ruleset you'd like to use



Upgrade Sonar

Sometimes when there are a lot of changes the new sonar version required some database change.

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